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2016李克强总理记者会文字实录 中英文本(4)

更新时间:2024-04-19 17:15:16

  【中国新闻社和中国新闻网记者】

  谢谢主持人。总理你好。据了解,现在有些地方的养老金发放已经出现困难,一些市县在靠贷款发放养老金。请问总理,中央政府是坐视不管还是准备为他们买单?谢谢。

  Governmentsinsomelocalitiesarehavingdifficultyinpayingpensionbenefits.Governmentsofsomecitiesandcountieshaveevenborrowedmoneytomakethepayments.Myquestionis,willthecentralgovernmentsitbyandbehandsoff,orwillthecentralgovernmentfoottheirbills?

  【李克强】

  你提的这个问题的确很尖锐,如实告诉你,确实有个别地方发生了养老金发放困难的问题,但这是一地之难、一时之急。中国现在实施的是养老金省级统筹,省级政府有责任、也有能力通过多方筹集资金,来保证养老金的发放,确有突出困难的,只要地方政府尽力了,中央政府是会给予补助的。这三年中央财政就拿了上万亿元,但有一条,地方必须尽职尽责,而且中央政府要督促养老金按时足额发放。

  Youraisedquiteasharpquestion.Honestlyspeaking,itistruethatsomelocalitieshavefoundithardtomakepensionbenefitspayments,buttheseareonlyisolatedcases.NowthepensionschemesinChinaaremanagedattheprovinciallevel.Ourprovincialgovernmentshavetheresponsibilityandcapabilitytoraisefundsthroughvariouschannelstoensurethepaymentsforpensionbenefits.Iflocalgovernmentshavedonetheirbest,butstillhavespecialdifficulty,thecentralgovernmentispreparedtoextendhelp.Inthepastthreeyears,thecentralgovernmenthasearmarkedonetrillionyuaninthisrespect,makenomistake,localgovernmentsmustexerttheirutmost,andthecentralgovernmentwillsuperviselocalgovernmentstomakesurethatpensionbenefitsarepaidontimeandinfull.

  大家都有退休、都有需要养老的一天,这里我想做个安民告示,从全面长期来看,中国政府对中国公民保证养老金发放是没有问题的。我们去年养老保险收支结余3400多亿元,累计结余34000多亿元,我们还有全国的社会保障基金储备16000亿元没有动,同时还能够划拨国有资产来充实养老基金。所以可以肯定地说,老有所养不会、也绝不能是一句空话。谢谢。

  Oneday,wewillallberetiredandliveonpensionbenefits.Soherethemessageofreassurance.Thatis,nationallyspeakingandinthelongrun,therewillabsolutelybenoprobleminmeetingpensionpaymentsbytheChinesegovernment.Lastyear,thesurplusofourpensioninsuranceschemeswasstillat340billionyuan,andaccumulativebalancewas3.4trillionyuan.Moreover,westillhavethecentralsocialsecurityfund,whichisworth1.6trillionyuan,asastrategicreservethathasnotbeentouched,andwecanalsouseState-ownedassetstoreplenishthesocialsecurityfund.So,ensuringthattheelderlywillbeprovidedforcannotandwillnotbeanemptypromise.

  【彭博新闻社记者】

  去年在同样的场合您曾经说过,中国政府会继续下定决心推动壮士断腕的改革,在今年的政府工作报告当中,您说中国经济需要至少保持6.5%的增速。同时不同的政府部门官员也表示,在化解过剩产能过程中不会出现下岗潮。所以我想问您,如何解决好保持中国经济的一定增速以及避免可能会产生不稳定影响的下岗问题,如何确保不会影响您本人所说的对中国经济发展至关重要的改革议程的推进。

  BloombergNews:MrPremier,inthisnewsroomlastyearyousaidChinaisdeterminedtopressaheadwithreformthatwouldbeaspainfulastakingaknifetooneownflesh,andinthisyeargovernmentreportyoutalkedabouttheneedforaminimum6.5percentgrowthtarget,andwehavealsoheardlocalofficialssayingtherewillnotbelayoffsasChinapressesaheadwithovercapacity.SoIamwonderinghowwouldyouaddressconcernsthatthegrowthtargetandthedesiretoavoidpotentiallylayoffswouldbindChinahandsandmakeitimpossibletopressaheadwithreformthatyousaidiscrucialforChineseeconomy?

  【李克强】

  你问问题的时候很严肃,让我略有沉重。我可以肯定地说,中国会坚定不移地推进改革,改革和发展是不矛盾的,我们恰恰可以通过结构性改革来释放市场活力,支撑经济的发展。但在这个过程中,我们也看到,的确产生了一些比较严重的过剩产能,主要是在重化工领域,现在我们已经选择了钢铁、煤炭这两个领域在去产能上先行突破,与此同时要避免出现大规模的下岗潮。

  Onethingiscertain:thatwearedeterminedtopushaheadwithourreformagenda.Reformanddevelopmentarenotinconflictwithpursuingstructuralreform.Wecanfurtherreleasemarketvitalityanddriveeconomicdevelopment.Itistruethatinsomesectorsthereareseriousproblemsofovercapacity,especiallyinheavyindustriesandpetrochemicalindustries.Wehaveselectedthesteelandcoalsectorstostartwiththeeffortofcuttingovercapacityandatthesametimewewillalsoavoidmassivelayoffs.

  过去两年,我们在钢铁领域淘汰了上亿吨的产能,涉及到上百万职工。由于我们高度重视保护职工的合法权益,保证了大量的职工转岗或得到妥善安置,可以说积累了经验。下一步要推进去产能,我们必须做到产能要去,但大量职工的饭碗不能丢,而且争取让他们拿上新饭碗。对于一时尚不能够做到的,中央财政和地方财政有能力进行妥善安置。中央已经建立了1000亿元主要用于转岗安置的专项资金,如有需要还可以增加。当然,地方政府相应配套要跟上,我们需要做到的是双赢,在去产能、促发展、稳就业之间达到一个平衡,最终在去产能的过程中,实现重化工领域的持续健康发展。谢谢!

  Inthepasttwoyears,wehavebeenfacedwithuptoonehundredmilliontonsofsteelmakingcapacityinvolvingsomeonemillionemployees,withahighprioritygiventoprotectingtheinterestsofemployees.Wehavetakenstrongstepstoresettlethesepeopleandgivethemre-employmentopportunities,andgoodexperiencehavebeenenjoyedfromtheprocess.Inaword,wewillpressaheadtodealwithovercapacityandatthesametimemakesurethattherewillnotbemassjoblosses.Wewillassignpossiblelaidoffpeopletonewjobsandforthosewhostillhavedifficultiesingettingemploymentopportunities,thecentralandlocalgovernmenthavefinancialresourcestocoverlayoffs.Thecentralgovernmenthasestablisheda100billionyuanfundinthisrespect,andifthereisaneedwecouldincreasethatamount.Inthemeantime,localgovernmentshavetodotheirownjobs.Wehopetomakeitawin-winprocessandwillstrivetostrikeaproperbalanceinbetween.Intheprocesswehopethatbycuttingovercapacityinthoseheavyindustries,wewillbringaboutasustainedandsoundgrowthinthesesectors.