习近平主席在亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会上的演讲（中英对照版）
深化伙伴关系 增强发展动力
Enhanced Partnership for Greater Momentum of Growth
——在亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会上的主旨演讲
– Keynote Speech at the APEC CEO Summit
中华人民共和国主席 习近平
H.E. Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China
2016年11月19日，利马
Lima, 19 November 2016
布斯塔曼特主席先生，
亚太工商界各位代表，
女士们，先生们，朋友们：
Chairman Alfonso Bustamante,
Leaders of the APEC Business Community,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Friends,
很高兴同大家相会在美丽的利马。中国和秘鲁相距遥远，《英汉大词典》有一个词语，叫“从中国到秘鲁”，意思是走遍天下。今天，我们不远万里来到利马，共同的目标是探讨推进亚太发展思路和举措。
I am delighted to meet all of you here in the beautiful city of Lima. Geographically, China and Peru are far apart. There is one entry in an English-Chinese dictionary, “from China to Peru”, which means all over the world. Indeed, today we have come to Lima from across the world in pursuit of the same goal – prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region.
两个月前，二十国集团领导人杭州峰会成功举行。我同各国领导人一道，深入讨论世界经济面临的突出问题，形成许多重要共识。大家普遍认为，全球经济复苏仍然乏力，增长动力不足，经济全球化遇到波折，贸易和投资低迷，全球性挑战加剧世界经济不确定性。面对风险和挑战，各方要发扬同舟共济、合作共赢的伙伴精神，加强宏观政策协调，创新经济增长方式，构建开放型世界经济，推动强劲、可持续、平衡、包容增长。
Two months ago, the G20 Summit was successfully held in Hangzhou, China, during which I and other leaders had in-depth discussions and reached important consensus on major issues facing the world economy. We expressed concern about the sluggish recovery of the global economy, lack of growth momentum, backlash against economic globalization, weak trade and investment and growing global challenges that cloud the global economic outlook. We agreed that in the face of risks and challenges, all parties need to work together in a spirit of partnership for win-win outcomes, enhance macroeconomic policy coordination and find creative ways to spur growth, so as to build an open world economy that delivers strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth.
当前，亚太总体保持平衡发展态势，但也面临挑战，处在发展关键当口。作为全球经济规模最大、最具发展活力的地区，亚太要勇于担当，发挥引领作用，采取有力协调行动，为世界经济复苏注入新动力，为世界经济增长开辟新道路。
The Asia-Pacific is at a critical stage in which it continues to enjoy steady growth but also faces multiple challenges. With unsurpassed economic aggregate and vibrancy, the Asia-Pacific must lead the way and take strong and coordinated actions to energize the world economy and create new opportunities for global growth.
第一，促进经济一体化，建设开放型经济。开放是亚太经济的生命线。20多年来，亚太经合组织成员坚持贸易自由化和便利化，贸易量年均增长8%，是同期经济增速的两倍多，为亚太经济增长提供了稳定动力。近年来，国际贸易发展进入低迷期。世界贸易组织预计，今年全球贸易增幅可能连续第五年低于经济增速。亚太面临相同压力，也亟待解决区域经济合作碎片化等挑战。任何区域贸易安排要获得广泛支持，必须坚持开放、包容、普惠、共赢。我们应该构建平等协商、共同参与、普遍受益的区域合作框架，封闭和排他性安排不是正确选择。
First, we should promote an open and integrated economy. Openness is vital for prosperity of the Asia-Pacific. Thanks to APEC member economies’ commitment to trade liberalization and facilitation over the past two decades and more, trade in our region has grown by an average annual rate of 8%, more than doubling its GDP growth in the same period, thus steadily boosting the Asia-Pacific economy. In recent years, global trade has remained weak. According to WTO forecast, for the fifth consecutive year, global trade may grow slower than GDP in 2016. The Asia-Pacific is under similar pressure and is grappling with such challenges as the fragmentation of regional economic cooperation. For any regional trade arrangement to gain broad support, it must be open, inclusive and beneficial to all. We need to put in place a framework for regional cooperation featuring equal consultation, joint participation and shared benefits. Closed and exclusive arrangement is not the right choice.
建设亚太自由贸易区，是事关亚太长远繁荣的战略举措，工商界朋友称之为“亚太经合组织之梦”。我们要坚定推进亚太自由贸易区建设，为亚太开放型经济提供制度保障。要重振贸易和投资的引擎作用，增强自由贸易安排开放性和包容性，维护多边贸易体制。
In this connection, building a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP), which is aptly regarded by the business community as the APEC dream, is a strategic initiative critical for the long-term prosperity of the Asia-Pacific. We should firmly pursue the FTAAP as an institutional mechanism for ensuring an open economy in the Asia-Pacific. We must energize trade and investment to drive growth, make free trade arrangements more open and inclusive and uphold the multilateral trading regime.
当前，围绕经济全球化有很多讨论，支持者有之，质疑者亦有之。总体而言，经济全球化符合经济规律，符合各方利益。同时，经济全球化是一把双刃剑，既为全球发展提供强劲动能，也带来一些新情况新挑战，需要认真面对。新一轮科技和产业革命正孕育兴起，国际分工体系加速演变，全球价值链深度重塑，这些都给经济全球化予新的内涵。亚太经合组织成立于经济全球化不断推进的时期，亚太取得的发展成就同经济全球化密不可分。我们要认识和把握自身发展和外部环境的互动变化，捕捉新机遇，定位新角色，创立新优势。同时，全球化也提出需要深入研究的新问题，我们要积极引导经济全球化发展方向，着力解决公平公正问题，让经济全球化进程更有活力、更加包容、更可持续，增强广大民众参与感、获得感、幸福感。
There is now heated debate about economic globalization, which has both supporters and skeptics. In my view, economic globalization is in keeping with the law of economics and delivers benefits to all. On the other hand, it is a double-edged sword. While driving global development, it has also created new problems and challenges that need to be dealt with. Globally, a new round of scientific, technological and industrial revolution is in the making, change in international division of labor is accelerating and global value chains are being reshaped. All these developments have added new dimensions to economic globalization.
APEC was born in the booming years of globalization and owes much of its success to globalization. We need to recognize the changing dynamics in both our respective countries and the external environment, seize new opportunities, assume new roles and create new strengths. At the same time, globalization gives rise to new issues that deserve serious study. We need to actively guide globalization, promote equity and justice and make globalization more resilient, inclusive and sustainable, so that people will get a fair share of its benefits and will see that they have a stake in it.
第二，促进互联互通，实现联动发展。互联互通是释放发展潜力的重要手段，也是实现联动发展的基础前提。我们要推动建立覆盖整个亚太的全方位、复合型互联互通网络。今年，亚太经合组织会议时隔8年重回拉美举行，我们要把握这一契机，推动太平洋两岸互联互通建设彼此对接，在更广范围内辐射和带动实体经济发展。要深入落实北京会议制定的互联互通蓝图，完善基础设施、制度规章、人员交流三位一体的互联互通架构，确保2025年实现全面联接的目标。
Second, we should enhance connectivity to achieve interconnected development. Connectivity unleashes potential and underpins interconnected development. We need to build a multi-dimensional connectivity network that covers the Asia-Pacific. After eight years, Latin America is again playing host to the APEC meeting. We should seize this opportunity to align connectivity programs of the two coasts of the Pacific to support and boost the real economy in the whole region. We should follow up on the Connectivity Blueprint adopted at the APEC meeting in Beijing in 2014 and strengthen physical, institutional and people-to-people connectivity, so as to make the Asia-Pacific fully connected by 2025.
3年前，我提出“一带一路”倡议，就是要以互联互通为着力点，促进生产要素自由便利流动，打造多元合作平台，实现共赢和共享发展。截至目前，共有100多个国家和国际组织积极参与和支持，结成志同道合、互信友好、充满活力的“朋友圈”。亚洲基础设施投资银行开业运营，丝路基金顺利组建，一大批重大项目付诸实施，产生巨大经济社会效益。中国将同各方一道，秉持共商、共建、共享原则，推进政策沟通、道路联通、贸易畅通、货币流通、民心相通，实现发展战略对接，深化互利合作，为区域经济发展和民生改善注入强大动力。我们欢迎各方参与到合作中来，共享机遇，共迎挑战，共谋发展。
Three years ago, I put forward the Belt and Road Initiative. It aims to strengthen connectivity to facilitate free flow of factors of production and create a platform of win-win cooperation and shared benefits for all. Over 100 countries and international organizations have joined or expressed support for the initiative, forming a strong “circle of friends” brought together by the common vision, mutual trust and friendship. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is up and running. The Silk Road Fund is in place. A number of major projects have been launched, generating huge economic and social benefit. Guided by the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and sharing benefits, China will work with other parties to promote greater connectivity of policy, road, trade, currency and people, increase complementarity of our respective development strategies and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation. By doing so, we will drive growth and improve people’s lives. China welcomes all parties to join this initiative to meet challenges, share opportunities and seek common development.
第三，促进改革创新，增强内生动力。亚太发展到今天，每迈出一步都要向改革要动力，向创新要活力。改革创新是好事，也是难事。中国古语说：“遇事无难易，而勇于敢为。”拉美谚语说，“没有比缺乏意志更大的困难”。2014年，亚太经合组织领导人在北京批准《经济创新发展、改革与增长共识》，为亚太地区走创新发展之路指明了方向。今年，二十国集团领导人杭州峰会通过《创新增长蓝图》，强调改革创新的重要意义，制定具体行动计划。
Third, we should boost reform and innovation to create more internal driving force. The Asia-Pacific has come a long way in pursuit of development, and every progress has been made as a result of reform and innovation. Reform and innovation are worthy undertakings, but they are also difficult to accomplish. As an old Chinese saying puts it, courage to take on challenge will make a difficult job easier. A proverb in Latin America says that there is no greater difficulty than lack of resolve. In 2014, APEC leaders adopted in Beijing the APEC Accord on Innovative Development, Economic Reform and Growth, charting a course of innovative development for the Asia-Pacific. This year, the G20 Hangzhou Summit adopted the G20 Blueprint on Innovative Growth, highlighting reform and innovation and formulating specific plans of action.
亚太各成员要落实好这些共识和原则，推进发展方式转变，下决心用改革推进经济结构调整，提高全要素生产率。要加强宏观政策协调，坚定推进结构性改革，强化正面溢出效应。要加快发展理念、模式、路径创新，激发社会创造力和市场活力，推动产业和产品向全球价值链中高端跃升，拓展发展新空间。
We APEC members should act on these consensus and principles. We should change growth model, resolutely adjust economic structure through reform and raise total-factor productivity. We should step up macro-policy coordination, firmly advance structural reform and increase positive spillovers. We should accelerate efforts to explore new development philosophy, model and pathway, energize social creativity and the market, move our industries and products up the global value chain and expand space for development.
第四，促进合作共赢，深化伙伴关系。伙伴关系是亚太合作的重要纽带，也是共同应对当前挑战的必然选择。大家都认为21世纪是亚太世纪，但幸福不会从天而降。两年前，亚太经合组织领导人回顾25年合作历程，提出构建亚太伙伴关系的指导原则。去年，我们在马尼拉强调，要秉持亚太伙伴关系理念，发扬互信、包容、合作、共赢的精神。
Fourth, we should promote win-win cooperation to forge strong partnership. Partnership is an important bond for Asia-Pacific cooperation and our natural choice for meeting current challenges. While we all believe that the 21st century is the Asia-Pacific century, happiness will never befall us by itself. Two years ago, APEC leaders reviewed the course of 25 years of APEC cooperation and put forth the guiding principles for forging partnership in the Asia-Pacific. Last year in Manila, we again called for building partnership in the Asia-Pacific in the spirit of mutual trust, inclusiveness and win-win cooperation.
我们要深化命运共同体意识，让彼此越走越近，而非渐行渐远。要不断提升区域合作的深度和广度，共同搭建平台，共同制定规则，共享发展成果，绝不应该相互拆台、相互排斥。要平等参与、充分协商，要相互帮助、共同发展，全力营造健康稳定的发展环境，不让任何因素干扰亚太发展进程。
We should commit ourselves to building a community of shared future. This will bring us closer instead of keeping us apart. We should continue to deepen and expand cooperation in our region. We should build platforms and set rules together and share development outcomes, and any attempt to undercut or exclude each other must be rejected. We should encourage equal participation, full consultation, mutual assistance and shared development. Every effort should be made to foster a sound and stable environment for development, and no factor should be allowed to obstruct the development process of the Asia-Pacific.
女士们、先生们、朋友们！
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Friends,
实现亚太共同发展繁荣，需要加强区域层面合作，更需要每一个成员付出行动。作为人口最多的发展中国家，中国保持经济平稳健康发展，有力带动了亚太和全球经济增长。国际金融危机爆发后的几年间，中国为全球经济贡献了接近40%的增量，对世界经济复苏起到重要支撑作用。近年来，在世界经济增长乏力的背景下，中国经济遇到一些困难和挑战。我们坚定信心、主动调整，经济增速仍然位居主要经济体前列，对世界经济增长的贡献率保持在25%以上。
The common development and prosperity of the Asia-Pacific calls for enhanced cooperation at the regional level and concrete action by each APEC member. China, a developing country with the world’s largest population, has maintained steady and sound growth, thus giving a strong boost to growth in the Asia-Pacific and the world. In the past several years after the outbreak of international financial crisis, China contributed to nearly 40% of global growth, playing a key role in driving global recovery. In recent years, with global growth remaining sluggish, China’s economy has encountered some difficulties and challenges. But we have maintained confidence and made proactive adjustments. As a result, China has remained a leader of sustaining growth among major economies and contributed to over 25% of global growth.
今年是中国实施“十三五”规划开局之年，我们积极适应和引领经济发展新常态，坚持全面深化改革，坚持创新驱动发展，加快经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整，经济运行在合理区间。前三季度，中国经济增速为6.7%，最终消费支出对国内生产总值增长贡献率达到71%，第三产业增加值占国内生产总值比重上升至52.8%，单位国内生产总值能耗同比下降5.2%，新增城镇就业1067万人，城乡居民收入差距继续缩小。中国经济发展质量和效益不断提升，新动力正在强化，新业态不断出现，很多地区很多产业都在发生可喜变革，有利因素进一步累积。
China has begun to implement its 13th Five-Year Plan this year. We have adapted to and steered the new normal of economic development, continued to carry out reform across the board, pursue innovation-driven development and accelerated the shift of growth model and economic structural adjustment. Thanks to these efforts, China’s economy is operating within a proper range. In the first three quarters this year, China’s GDP grew by 6.7%. Final consumption expenditure contributed to 71% of GDP growth. The added value created by services accounted for 52.8% of GDP. The energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by 5.2% year on year. A total of 10.67 million urban jobs were created, and the gap between urban and rural income continued to narrow. The performance of China’s economy has steadily improved; new driving forces are becoming stronger; new businesses are emerging; and many regions and sectors are going through encouraging transformation. All this shows that enabling factors are growing in strength.
中国正处在全面建成小康社会决胜阶段，我们以创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享五大发展理念为指引，以供给侧结构性改革为主线，培育新的经济结构，强化新的发展动能，推动中国经济平稳健康发展。
China has entered a decisive stage for building a society of initial prosperity in all respects. Guided by the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, we will prioritize supply-side structural reform, foster a new economic structure, and strengthen new forces driving development to ensure steady and sound growth of China’s economy.
当前和今后一个时期，中国将着力从以下方面采取措施推动经济发展。
Both now and in the time to come, China will take the following steps in pursuing economic development:
第一，着力推进供给侧结构性改革，加快转变经济发展方式。我们将全面深化经济体制改革，努力健全制度体系，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用。我们在适度扩大总需求的同时，用改革的办法推进结构调整，促进产业优化重组，优化要素配置，增强供给结构对需求变化的适应性和灵活性，为经济持续健康发展提供源源不断的内生动力。
First, we will carry out supply-side structural reform to accelerate the shifting of growth model. We will deepen economic reform in all areas, improve government institutions to ensure that the market will play a decisive role in resources allocation and the government will play a better role. We will increase aggregate demand as called for while advancing structural adjustment through reform. We will promote the reorganization of industries to achieve optimal performance, improve allocation of factors of production and make supply structure better adapt to changes in demand. This will provide steady internal driving forces for sustaining sound growth.
第二，着力促进创新发展，实现新旧动能转换。我们将坚持创新驱动发展战略，深化科技体制改革，破除思想障碍和制度藩篱，推动科技和经济社会发展深度融合，让一切创新源泉充分涌流。我们将加快产学研深度融合，让机构、人才、市场、资金都充分活跃起来，形成推进创新发展的强大活力。我们将推动新技术、新产业、新业态蓬勃发展，使创新成果转变为实实在在的经济活动，培育发展新动力。
Second, we will promote innovation-driven development and replace old growth drivers with new ones. We will continue to pursue the strategy of innovation-driven development and deepen RD structural reform to change outdated mindset and remove institutional obstacles, fully leverage the role of science and technology in economic and social development, and tap into all sources of innovation. We will further pool the efforts of businesses, universities and research institutes to energize business organizations, people, the market and capital to drive innovation-based development. We will encourage new technologies, new industries and new businesses so that progress in innovation will be applied in economic operations and turned into new forces driving growth.
第三，着力推进高水平双向开放，坚持互利共赢。我多次强调，中国开放的大门永远不会关上，只会越开越大。我们将实行更加积极主动的开放战略，创造更全面、更深入、